Ext4, SSDs, and RAID stripe parameters
I was recently reading Testing disks: Lessons from our odysseyselecting replacement SSDs ( via ). In thisarticle, the BBC technical people talk earnestly about carefullypicking stride and stripe width size values for ext4 on their SSDsand point to this blog post on it . Me being me , Iimmediately wondered what effects these RAID-related settingsactually had in ext4, so I headed off for the kernel source codeto take a look. The short spoiler is 'not as much as you think'.
First
Using Shellcheck is good for me
A few months ago I wrote an entry about my views on Shellcheck where I said that I found it too noisyto be interesting or useful to me. Well, you know what, I have totake that back. What happened is that as I've been writing variousshell scripts since then, I've increasingly found myself reachingfor Shellcheck as a quick syntax andcode check that I could use without trying to run my script.Shellcheck is a great tool for this, and as a bonus it can
I still like Python and often reach for it by default
Various local events recently made me think a bit about the futureof Python at work. We're in a situation where a number of ourexisting tools will likely get drastically revised or entirelythrown away and replaced, and that raises local issues with Python3 as well as questions of whether I shouldargue for changing our list of standard languages . I have some technical viewson the answer, but thinking through this has made me realize somethingon a more personal level. Namely, I still like Python and it'
My current grumpy view on key generation for hardware crypto keys
My lesson learned from the Infineon HSM issue is to never trust a HSMto generate keys, just to store them. Generate keys on a real machine.
In my usual manner, this is perhaps overstated for Twitter. So let'selaborate on it a bit, starting with the background.
When I first heard about the Infineon TPM key generation issue (see also the technical blog article ), I wasn't veryconcerned, since we don't have sophisticated crypto smartcards orelectronic ID cards
Getting ssh-agent working in Fedora 26's Cinnamon desktop environment
I have just been through an extensive yak-shaving exercise to usessh-agent with Cinnamon and have it actually work reliably on Fedora26.
The first question you might ask is why even use ssh-agent insteadof the default of gnome-keyring-daemon. That's straightforward ;gnome-keyring-daemon still doesn't support ed25519 keys , despite a very long standing open bugabout it (and another bug for ECDSA keys ). I'm
Unbalanced reads from SSDs in software RAID mirrors in Linux
When I was looking at the write volume figures for yesterday'sentry , one additional thing thatjumped out at me is that on our central mail server, reads werevery unbalanced between its two system SSDs. This machine, as withmany of our important servers, has a pair of SSDs set up as mirrorswith Linux software RAID. In theory I'd expect reads to be aboutevenly distributed across each side of the mirror; in practice,well:
242 Total_LBAs_Read [.
A surprise about which of our machines has the highest disk write volume
Once upon a time, hard drives and SSDs just had time-based warranties.These days, many SSDs have warranties that are more like cars;they're good for so much time or so many terabytes written, whichevercomes first, and different SSD makers and models can have decidedlydifferent maximum figures for this. So, as part of investigatingwhat SSDs to get for future usage here, we've been looking intowhat sort of write volume we see on both our ZFS fileservers (well, on the
Working to understand PCI Express and how it interacts with modern CPUs
PCI Express sort ofcrept up on me while I wasn't looking. One day everything was PCIand AGP, then there was some PCI-X in our servers, and then my then-new home machine had PCIe instead but I didn't reallyhave anything to put in those slots so I didn't pay attention.With a new home machine in my future, I've been working to finallyunderstand all of this better. Based on my current understanding,there are two sides here.
I'm looking forward to using systemd's new IP access control features
These days, my reaction to hearing about new systemd features isusually somewhere between indifference and irritation (I'm goingto avoid giving examples, for various reasons). The new IP accesslists feature is a rare exception; as a sysadmin, I'm actually reasonablyenthused about it. What makes systemd's version of IP accessrestrictions special and interesting is that they can be be imposed per service , not just globally (and socket units having differentIP access restrictions than the service implementing them adds extrapossibilities
Understanding M.2 SSDs in practice and how this relates to NVMe
Modern desktop motherboards feature 'M.2' sockets (or slots) forstorage in addition to some number of traditional SATA ports (and not always as many of them as I'd like ).This has been confusing me lately as Iplan a future PC out, so today I sat down and did some reading tounderstand the situation both in theory and in practice.
M.2 is more or less a connector(and mounting) standard. Like USB-C ports with their alternate mode , M