AI could cut a submarine’s survival chance to 5%: Chinese defence scientists

A US nuclear submarine seen during military exercises 70 nautical miles (130km) off Cartagena, Colombia. US President Donald Trump ordered the deployment of two nuclear submarines on August 1, 2025 in an extraordinary escalation of what had been an online war of words with a Russian official over Ukraine and tariffs. Photo: Colombian National Navy/AFP

A new defence industry study from China suggests that artificial intelligence (AI) could soon make it extremely hard – even nearly impossible – for submarines to survive in a future naval conflict.
The research, published in the peer-reviewed journal Electronics Optics & Control and led by senior engineer Meng Hao with the China Helicopter Research and Development Institute in August, unveiled for the first time an advanced AI-driven anti-submarine warfare (ASW) system capable of hunting even the quietest submarines through intelligent, real-time decision-making.

According to the research, the new ASW system could reduce a submarine’s chance of escape to just 5 per cent, meaning only one out of every 20 submarines would likely escape detection and attack.

Instead of relying on old search patterns, the AI system acts like a smart commander in the ocean.

It uses data from sonar buoys dropped by helicopters, underwater sensors, radar and even ocean temperature and salt levels to build a live picture of what is happening under the sea.

Choose your listening speed

Get through articles 2x faster