During his 30-minute keynote speech Dong addressed key issues, including Taiwan, the South China Sea and China’s take on regional blocs by US allies.

1. Historical memory and 9/18 anniversary

Dong opened by marking the 918 Incident, urging nations to “never forget the lessons of war” and to oppose any resurgence of hegemonism or bullying.

2. Taiwan

“Taiwan’s return is an integral part of the post-war order,” Dong said, vowing that the PLA would “never allow any separatist plot to succeed” or tolerate foreign military interference.